RESUMO
Background: Some rural non-Caucasian ethnic groups have genetic protective factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases. Studies performed in Mapuche and Aymara ethnic groups in Chile, found significantly lower prevalence rates. Aymaras are the second most common ethnic population in Chile. Aim: To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a native Aymara ethnic population. Material and Methods: We studied 276 native Aymara people with a median age of 53 years (63% women), registered in the rural clinics of Camiña and Putre. The frequency of hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity and smoking were determined. Results: The frequency of overweight and obesity was 38% and 38.4% respectively. The prevalence of hypertension and DM2 were 18.5% and 6.9% respectively. Thirty-five percent had elevated total cholesterol, 21% had high LDL cholesterol, 48% had low HDL cholesterol and 45.7% had high triglyceride levels. Two percent smoked. Conclusions: In this group of Aymara individuals, we found a markedly lower prevalence of hypertension and DM2, despite the high prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/etnologia , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Chile/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Dislipidemias/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Some rural non-Caucasian ethnic groups have genetic protective factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases. Studies performed in Mapuche and Aymara ethnic groups in Chile, found significantly lower prevalence rates. Aymaras are the second most common ethnic population in Chile. AIM: To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a native Aymara ethnic population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 276 native Aymara people with a median age of 53 years (63% women), registered in the rural clinics of Camiña and Putre. The frequency of hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity and smoking were determined. RESULTS: The frequency of overweight and obesity was 38% and 38.4% respectively. The prevalence of hypertension and DM2 were 18.5% and 6.9% respectively. Thirty-five percent had elevated total cholesterol, 21% had high LDL cholesterol, 48% had low HDL cholesterol and 45.7% had high triglyceride levels. Two percent smoked. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of Aymara individuals, we found a markedly lower prevalence of hypertension and DM2, despite the high prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Adulto , Idoso , Chile/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Dislipidemias/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/etnologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Dado que la circulación extracorpórea (CEC) produce cambios en el perfil lipoproteico plasmático, sin que se sepa acerca de su severidad y duración, se lleva a cabo este protocolo en 24 pacientes en un intento de esclarecer y definir el momento más apropiado post cirugía para iniciar una terapia para la dislipidemia, en caso de ser necesaria. Diez casos fueron sometidos a cirugía de puente coronario y 14 a reemplazo valvular; del grupo total 15 eran hombres y 9 mujeres, con una edad promedio de 49.5 +- 13.9 años. En todos se hizo una determinación de colesterol total (ColHDL), relación colesterol total/colesterol HDL. Se tomaron muestras antes, durante CEC, inmediatamente post CEC y a los 3, 10, 30 y 60 días después. En todos los pacientes se encontró un descenso significativo (p<0.008) de ColT, TRG y ColHDL, que fue máximo durante CEC, recuperándose al décimo día (N.S.). Se sugiere que estos cambios pueden deberse a la activación de la enzima lipasa lipoproteina por la heparina, sustracción de lípidos durante CEC, a hemodilución o los tres factores actuando en conjunto. Estos hallazgos apuntan hacia la conveniencia de esperar por lo menos hasta el décimo día post cirugía con CEC para iniciar una terapia para dislipidemia
